Goldfish

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Goldfish (Carassius auratus) are small to medium-sized freshwater fish, typically growing between six and eight inches in length, though some can reach over a foot in optimal conditions. Originally domesticated from wild carp in China over a thousand years ago, goldfish are one of the world’s most widely kept aquarium and pond fish. Goldfish exhibit a wide range of colors, including orange, red, white, black, and even calico patterns. Some varieties maintain a streamlined body shape, while others develop elaborate fins and head growths. Their diet primarily consists of small invertebrates, plant matter, and commercial fish food, and they are known for their constant foraging behavior. They thrive in a variety of freshwater environments, displaying remarkable adaptability to temperature fluctuations and water quality changes. Though they are often associated with small bowls, they require ample space and well-maintained water conditions to thrive. In the wild, released or escaped goldfish populations have established themselves in ponds, lakes, and slow-moving rivers across the world, sometimes outcompeting native species.

Fun Fact: Goldfish can survive in low-oxygen environments, thanks to their ability to metabolize anaerobically when necessary.