Rainbow Trout, Steelhead

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) occurs in two forms: the resident freshwater rainbow trout and the anadromous steelhead. Resident O. mykiss remain in freshwater their entire lives, while steelhead migrate to the ocean before returning to freshwater to spawn. This species is native to areas in North America, west of the Rocky Mountains. They prefer cold, clear headwaters, creeks, rivers, lakes, and intertidal areas. Typically, these fish reach sizes of 18 to 24 inches but have been reported to reach up to 45 inches. Coloration of this species can vary due to multiple factors, including: habitat, size, and reproductive stage. Often, individuals that reside in streams appear darker and have more intense colors than their lake counterparts. These trout feed on a variety of invertebrates and vertebrates, starting with zooplankton and moving on to larger prey such as fish eggs, small fish, and mollusks as they grow. This species typically matures at two or three years of age, and females lay 700 to 4,000 eggs per spawning event.

Fun Fact: Steelhead trout have been recorded jumping 11 feet in the air to pass obstacles while migrating.